Legalize Marijuana Essay Example for Free

Sanction Marijuana Essay Maryjane has been attacked in America over the past 70+ years. In spite of its numerous down to earth utilizes, restorative and mechanical, our Federal government demands keeping up business as usual that the development, ownership and utilization of cannabis is criminal regardless of the proof that the sanctioning of pot would affect America. In this paper I will talk about the historical backdrop of pot, the modern employments of hemp, the preclusion of cannabis, the financial effect disallowance has on America, the impacts of weed use on the brain and the body, weed for clinical use, and how authorization of maryjane would affect America. Despite the fact that I bolster the legitimization of cannabis I don't bolster the authorization of other Schedule I sedates, consequently this paper isn't about the sanctioning all things considered. Weed, as a great many people regularly know it, is actually a plant called hemp, or cannabis sativa. There are different plants called hemp, however cannabis hemp is the most helpful of these plants. Hemp is any solid plant utilized since ancient times for some reasons, and cannabis is the most strong of the hemp plants. The cannabis plant additionally creates three significant items that different plants don't, seed, mash, and medication. The cannabis sativa plant develops as weed and developed plant everywhere throughout the world in an assortment of atmospheres and soils. Pot has been utilized since the beginning; in 6000 B.C. cannabis seeds were utilized as food in China; in 4000 B.C. the Chinese utilized materials made of hemp; the main recorded utilization of cannabis as medication in China was in 2727 B.C.; and in 1500 B.C. the Chinese developed Cannabis for food and fiber. This course of events continues forever directly through today. It is felt that hemp was first brought to the New World in 1545 by the Spanish; it was presented in Jamestown by the English in 1611 where it turned into a significant business crop nearby tobacco and was developed as a wellspring of fiber. Our progenitors developed hemp; in actuality it was the chief yield at Mount Vernon and it was an optional harvest at Monticello. There are recorded notes made by George Washington in regards to the development and collecting of hemp. These hemp yields obviously were developed for mechanical utilize just and there is no sign that our ancestors were utilizing their harvests recreationally. Today the hemp developed for modern purposes have very low degrees of THC Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol delta 9-THC, the dynamic part in cannabis in this manner it is difficult to get high from such hemp developed for mechanical use. During the Colonial Era Americans were will undoubtedly develop hemp. During the Second World War the government financed hemp and US ranchers developed around a million sections of land of hemp as a feature of that program. Hemp is remarkable in its decent variety. There are more than 25,000 unique uses for the hemp plant. As a result of how rapidly hemp can be developed it is the Earth’s number one biomass asset. Hemp’s utilizes incorporate however are surely not constrained to fuel; food, hemp seeds give a fantastic wellspring of protein for individuals as well as for winged animals who search out hemp seeds which have been blended in with different seeds; paper; materials, for instance canvas, paper, fabric, rope; paint; cleanser; varnish; oil; in; medication; and building materials. Practically any item that can be produced using wood, cotton, or oil including plastics can be produced using hemp. Actually, hemp plastics are biodegradable. Other than its decent variety, the common sense of using hemp to its fullest potential is clear. Trees take from 50 to 100 years to develop; hemp’s development cycle is 120 days. It is assessed that if the hemp mash paper process detailed by the USDA in 1916 were lawful today it would before long supplant 70% of all wood paper items. In spite of the entirety of its demonstrated uses, which are all advantageous to the planet Earth, the development of modern hemp in the United States stays a criminal demonstration on account of the automated ravings of our government. President and author of Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) Glenn Levant Hemp is cannabis. Philip Perry, specialist accountable for the DEAs Rocky Mountain Division unconsciously states, (Levant 1) the push to decriminalize hemp is close to a shallow trick being progressed by the individuals who try to sanction maryjane. It ought to be noticed that the selling hemp items are not illicit and in certainty the U.S. hemp-items industry does about $125 million in retail deals a year. Albeit most states had neighborhood laws forbidding pot use and ownership, it wasn’t until 1937 that the government passed the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act. Strangely, the congressional hearings on weed forbiddance kept going all of two hours in direct complexity to most congressional hearings on new laws which keep going for quite a long time and days. There were actually three assemblages of declarations affirming at these hearings. The first was Commissioner Harry Anslinger, the recently named chief of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics who happened to be named by his uncle-in-law, Andrew Mellon, who was the Secretary of the United States Treasury. Chief Anslinger affirmed for the government’s benefit. Of course he was working from a book which he had not thought of himself however which had been composed for him by a New Orleans District Attorney. Perusing legitimately from this content Commissioner Anslinger told the Congressmen at the hearings, Marihuana is an addictive medication which creates in its user’s craziness, culpability, and demise. That was the Commissioner’s splendidly sagacious government declaration to help the weed denial. The second groups of declaration to affirm at this congressional hearing were mechanical representatives. The first of these representatives was, in all honesty, a man speaking to the rope business. This industry delegate affirmed that it was less expensive to import from the Far East the hemp expected to make ropes and along these lines the United States not, at this point expected to develop any more hemp to make rope. After five years, in 1942, the United States was cut off from its wellsprings of hemp in the Far East and, since we required a great deal of hemp to furnish our boats with rope for World War II, the Federal Government went into the matter of developing hemp on enormous ranches all through the Midwest and the South. The paint and varnish representatives didn’t appear to mind either what direction. The main modern representative who protested the Marijuana Tax Act at all was the birdseed delegate who sang the commendations of hemp seeds for the birds’ coats. In view of this protest the birdseed business got an exclusion from the Marijuana Tax Act for denatured seeds. â€Å"The third assortment of declaration was two delegates of the clinical field. The primary declaration originated from a pharmacologist who guaranteed that he had infused the dynamic fixing in marihuana into the minds of 300 pooches, two of which kicked the bucket. When inquired as to whether he pick hounds for the likeness of their responses to that of people the appropriate response of the Pharmacologist was, I wouldnt know, I am not a canine therapist. The dynamic fixing in weed was first integrated in a research center in Holland after World War II in this manner it is obscure right up 'til the present time what this pharmacologist infused into the canines. The second declaration in the interest of the clinical field originated from the Chief Counsel to the American Medical Association, Dr. William C. Woodward. Dr. Woodward was the consultation to affirm in line wit h the American Medical Association. His definite statement to the congressmen was, The American Medical Association is aware of no proof that marihuana is a hazardous medication. to which one of the Congressmen stated, Doctor, in the event that you cannot say something great regarding what we are attempting to do, why dont you return home? Keep in mind, this declaration originated from the Chief Counsel of the regarded American Medical Association. It ought to be nothing unexpected that the bill passed. The demonstration didn't itself condemn the ownership or use of pot however rather exacted a duty of roughly one dollar on any individual who managed monetarily in weed. The punishment arrangements for violators of the best possible strategies could bring about a fine of up to $2000 and five years detainment. The planned outcome and to be sure, the consequence of the 1937 Marihuana Tax Act was to viably make it unreasonably dangerous for anybody to bargain in the substance. During the war years the Bureau decided to foc us on sedatives and relinquished obligation regarding most cannabis law authorization to the states. In the post-war years, in any case, there was seen as a critical increment in opiate tranquilize misuse and the general population started to be worried about the spread of opiate compulsion, especially among youthful people. Congressional chaos was excited by the declaration that the utilization of marihuana unavoidably prompted the utilization of these harder medications, especially heroin. In 1951 Congress passed the Boggs Act, expanding punishments for all medication violators. It was as of now, without precedent for government tranquilize enactment, that cannabis and the opiate drugs were lumped together, since the Act gave uniform punishments to the Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act Boggs Act, in the same place. what's more, the Marihuana Tax Act. The states followed the government lead. At that point, in 1956, Congress passed the Narcotic Control Act, raising the punishments even more. Indeed the individual states went with the same pattern. The current Controlled Substances Act (CSA), Title II of the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 is a solidification of various past laws managing the assembling and dispersion of opiates, energizers, depressants, psychedelic drugs, a nabolic steroids, and synthetic substances utilized in the illegal creation of controlled substances. The CSA puts all substances that are managed under existing government law into one of five calendars. This position depends on the substances doctor

Tips for Cx Cabin Crew Interview Essay Example

Tips for Cx Cabin Crew Interview Essay Tips for CX Cabin Crew Interview Ive just got the agreement call from CX and now might want to share the experience to all of you so as to assist everybody with going easily through for the meeting methods. Most likely some of you have definitely realized the strategies very well, coming up next is the rundown of the entire enlistment methods with nitty gritty and tips, to disclose to you how to win a proposal with CX. It is safe to say that you are prepared? Gives up! ONLINE APPLICATION CX doesnt acknowledge any submittion strategy EXCEPT online application. Simply click on the CXs Web page and complete the application structure on the web, the activity organization will controlling you finish the entire structure. After the submittion, as a rule you will get their greeting call inside 7-14 days. FIRST INTERVIEW Part I The meeting will occur in the Cathay City. The enlistment staff will take you to the 4/F in the North Tower. There will be a short presentation about CX, and the enrollment staff will helping all possibility for the enlistment. A short time later, there will be an arm test, you can remain with your pussyfoot to arrive at 208 cm. Your shoes will be without a doubt expelled while you are taking the arm test. It is emphatically prescribe that to get more preparing with your communicated in English. We will compose a custom article test on Tips for Cx Cabin Crew Interview explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Tips for Cx Cabin Crew Interview explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Tips for Cx Cabin Crew Interview explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer You dont must be 100% flurent as a forigener, yet at any rate your communicated in English ought to be reasonable and to let somebody feel that you can communicate unmistakably. Part II The questioner will welcome a gathering of most extreme 9 individuals to participate in the gathering meeting. You will be doled out a number. You can have 2 minutes to present yourself, attempt to keep your presentation compact and clean, and tell everybody your SELLING POINT, for example, your instructive foundation, why you need to be a FA (My answer is on the grounds that I like the non routine style of this activity), or how able that you can deal with this position. The gathering meeting will be keep going for 10 minutes, you will get an instance of a subject. My subject was utilizing all the limited components to talk about what comes the most significant angle for cooperation. Pick 3 components out of 8 (there was a component printed at the base piece of your test paper, and you need to offer your point to your gathering mates, attempt to persuade them to utilize your point as one of the main three components) TIPS: You CANNOT think of your own thought, all applicants ought to be reminded that to utilize the component expressed on the paper. At the point when you talk about, you ought to consistently remain clamly. Mention to everybody what your focuses are and how would you think your elemet will be the most significant one. Attempting to help one another and trading off to your groupmates if fundamental. Keep in mind, the points of this meeting is to test how great are you at as a colleague. Continuously demonstrate your conventionality and accommodating character to the questioner. Thereafter you will get a YELLOW CARD, if your yellow card expressed the last meeting arrangement day, congrats! You are IN! Something else, CX will be inviting you following a half year of your application. Last INTERVIEW Individuals are battling what ought to do in the last meeting. By and by, your English level is extremely significant on the grounds that the entire meeting will be directed in English, on the off chance that you are acceptable at communicated in English, at that point you can communicate more simpler then the others. Remain CALM consistently and please hang your FRIENDLY SMILE on. A few questioners might be extremely testing, yet it doesnt mean a terrible thing. I was having meeting by Ms. J and she is purported an executioner. All things considered, I thought she was, on the grounds that she tested me multiple times in the meeting. Be that as it may, I addressed every one of her inquiries tranquilly with proficient way, she didnt appear to be satisfied for my answer, and I was setting i up would be flop in this event. In any case, at long last I concoct a thought, the questioner challenge you basically in light of the fact that she/he is intrigued to find out about your response and see whether you can adapt to the crisis circumstance. Five summerising tips: SMILE, FRIENDLY, CALM, DECENT, and PROFESSIONAL. Obviously you have to tell the questioner HOW CAPABLE you are to be a FA BODY CHECK AND MANDARIN TEST CALL Okay alright, here we come the last advance. Hang tight for the Body Check and Mandarin Test. I realize you are very anxious with your outcome, correct? Dan, guess what? On the off chance that the questioner is profoundly acknowledge with your presentation at the last meeting, they will give you the agreement around the same time. (It relies upon what time you have doen your last in, on the off chance that it is now 5pm, just hang tight for 2 days). In the event that you cannot get notification from CX inside five working days, in all probability you need to reapply following a half year. (Or on the other hand I dont know perhaps there are some remarkable cases, however what I have heard and I have seen is, the greater part of the successul competitors could get the BC;MA call in a matter of seconds) BC ; MA Body Check is a period squandering movement. I recall that I showed up at 10. 00 and I finish it on the money before the MA at 12. 30. BC is typical, you need to experience the X-Ray and positively you have to give them your new pee for the clinical checking. At that point the medical attendant will control you to the room and do the eye test, make sure to carry along an appropriate opticals with you so as to do the eye test, they will test your pair of eyes seperately. Grisly weight, tallness checking, partially blind test and hearing test will be engaged with the techniques also. TIPS: The medical attendant is extremely antagonistic and she will reprimand at you in the event that you accomplished something incorrectly. A while later you should see the docotor, recollect you should be naked and the specialist will do some physical tests with you. For male candidates, if you don't mind be readied your most private organ will likewise be test by the specialist. Mama MA isn't as troublesome as you might suspect. Be that as it may, I wager you truly must be readied. (1) The initial segment will be the listening test, 10 inquiries and they are very basic, nothing to stress over. (2) You need to record your sound. This is a serious significant part. Three inquiries. One moment to acquaint yourself - One moment with reveal to us your pastimes - One moment to disclose to us which goal of CX organize you like the most. - THREE minutes to reveal to us your most memoriable work understanding (3) Translation There are 20 vocabs and you have to make an interpretation of th em into Mandarin, your answers will be recorded. Here are a few words that I recall: Inflamation, Footrest, Diamond, Catch up and so forth (4) Reading To peruse an entry, a few terms like , †¦ (5) Reading with , †¦ CONTRACT CALL Most likely you will recive an agreement bring in 8-10 days. A few people need to submit bolster documentation to demonstrate that they are truly fit for the activity (I am the person who need to pay $1700 for the extra body check, wicked damnation), on the off chance that you have to submit further report, it will take longer time, doubtlessly 12-13 days. On the off chance that you can't hear anything from them following 14 days or more, if it's not too much trouble CALL AND ASK THEM. ** If you have Type B Hepatits ( ) Jsut basically neglect to apply the postion of Flight Attendant, since you won't BE ACCEPTED. At long last, GOOD LUCK TO YOU ALL and expectation can see you folks locally available.

The Factor of Audience

The Factor of Audience Imagine the following scenario: you have been asked to compose an essay about your life that your children will someday read. What would you say? How would you say it? What details would you include knowing that it would only be read by your children?Now imagine that you have been given the same task, only this time the essay would be published in a national magazine. Knowing that this essay would be read by your friends and familyâ€"as well as by your employer, your peers, and by perfect strangersâ€"how would it differ from the first one? Would the details be different? Would your tone change? Would you leave out a few details for the sake of possible embarrassment or misunderstanding?In each case, the audience of your work made a difference in how you write. In fact, one of the first things you learn as a writer is the factor of audience. Regardless of the genre, style, or purpose of your writing, consideration of audience is vital in writing effectively. In the above scenarios, yo ur tone, choice of words, and depth of intimacy in your writing would probably differ between the two essaysâ€"although both were basically on the same topic. In a similar sense, having an understanding of your audience before you approach any writing task is crucial to a successful outcome.This fact is often most difficult for academic writing. If you are writing as a class assignment, then the obvious audience for your work will be your professor (or TA, or class peers). Lets take, for example, an assignment on Shakespeares poetic techniques. You are aware that your professor is a preeminent Shakespearian scholar, so there is no need to explain the terminology you mention within your writing, or the credentials of your resources usedâ€"right?Not so fast. While academic writing assignments do assume a certain level of knowledge with the topic, if you fail to follow through with your arguments and explanations in a concise and thorough way, your professor could see it as a weakness in your writing. This is especially true of most undergraduate-level writing, as professors tend to want to see your ability to explain your thesis, rather than your ability to astound them with your relevant and innovative slant on the topic. However, academic writing for dissertations and future publication in academic journals is slightly different. In these cases, it is generally safe to assume that your audience is familiar with the basics of the topic, requiring less explanation on your part of the commonly known terms and/or theories.In other forms of writingâ€"particularly creative writingâ€"audience should always be your first consideration before putting pen to paper (or fingers to the keyboard). If you are writing an article, short story, or novel for hopes of future publication, knowing your audience will be the most important part of the processâ€"outside of good writing, of course. Many writers even use the factor of audience as a springboard for coming up with the con tent, rather than the other way around. They might find a particular niche or magazine that is looking for fresh content, and then later decide upon a topic after researching the intended audience. For example, a regional magazine that focuses on rural living would have a readership interested in all facets of country life. A writer seeking publication within this magazine would consider the readership, read past articles published by the magazine to determine the reading level of the readership, then come up with a concept and topic accordingly. In this situation, an article about heirloom recipes or seasonal gardens would definitely be chosen for publication over one about public transportation or urban schools.Editors should consider audience as thoroughly as writers shouldâ€"if not more so. One of the first things an editor will deliberate when reading a manuscript for possible publication is whether or not there will be an audience for that book or article, and if so, does it g ive them what they want? Editors are trained to know what people want to read, and generally have a good eye in determining if a particular writer hits the mark. They will edit your manuscript or rough draft accordingly, and offer suggestions for changes that might broaden your audience (for more sales) or help you in relating better to a specific age group or gender.When you are editing your own work, the easiest way to factor in your audience is to read it as if you were your own reader, rather than the writer. While this sounds easier said than done, it is really just a matter of stepping back from your writing. Usually this is best done if you wait a day or two after youve finished writing, and then read it with your reader in mind. Ask yourself the following questions: If I were reading this for the first time, would I be confused about something? and Is this something I would be interested in reading if I were a [insert your audience here]?Considering your audience is a mixtur e of marketing and psychology. You must first question who would be your reader, and then question if they would identify with, or enjoy reading, your work. If you take the time to brainstorm these details before you even begin writing, youll save yourself a lot of time and energy by zeroing in on the perfect tone and topic for your intended audience.

How Did Contact Between The European Arrivals And The...

REFLECTION QUESTIONS: Directions: Answers MUST be at least two paragraphs long (eight total sentences of information) and have at least 3-4 sentences of critical thought about the information you present. How did contact between the European arrivals and the native peoples of the Americas affect both groups? Europeans brought to the Americas catastrophic diseases that killed millions and decimated native populations, who possessed no immunity to the illnesses. The Europeans also had deliberate policies of subjugation and extermination, by which they brutally tortured or murdered natives due to the Europeans history of brutality in war and their consideration of the natives as no more than savages. The Europeans also introduced some beneficial elements. These included important crops such as sugar and bananas, domestic livestock such as cattle and pigs, and the horse. They also taught the natives the Spanish and Portuguese languages, though the natives came to create a large number of dialects that mixed elements of their own language with that of the new Europeans. In return, the natives put their newly-claimed land to good use by learning appropriate agricultural techniques from the natives. They were introduced to new crops that eventually found their way into the European diet, including but not limited to corn, potatoes, tomatoes, and beans. The Europeans also inter-married with the natives, though this was often without consent of the latter. These pairings createdShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Reverend John Heckewelders The Arrival Of The Europeans1182 Words   |  5 PagesFirst contact between the Indigenous Americans and Europeans is perhaps one of the most impactful points in Native American history, setting an important precedent for the power dynamic during the next century. 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On theRead More Native Americans- Minority Role Essay3423 Words   |  14 Pages Thesis Since the arrival of the Europeans in 1492 the Native American has systematically been dehumanized, decivilized and redefined into terms that typify a subordinate or minority role, restricted life opportunities persist today as a result. I. Introduction-Majority/Minority group relations- the role of power II. Historical Overview A. Native American life before contact with the White man. B. Early contact, efforts at peaceful co-existenceRead MoreNative Americans- Minority Role3478 Words   |  14 PagesSince the arrival of the Europeans in 1492 the Native American has systematically been dehumanized, decivilized and redefined into terms that typify a subordinate or minority role, restricted life opportunities persist today as a result. I. Introduction-Majority/Minority group relations- the role of power II. Historical Overview A. Native American life before contact with the White man. B. 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Humans developed in Africa. â€Å"†¦, indicates that the earliest stages of human evolution were also played out in Africa.† (Page 36) 3. The Giant Leap forward occurred when? Around the time human history started, 50,000 years ago. â€Å"Human History at last took offRead MoreEth 125 Final Paper1590 Words   |  7 Pagestaking this course. Seeing white people in my community is the norm for me. I live in a fairly large city that has a wide variety of races, culture, and heritage, but Whites make up 90% of the population here, while the rest of the population is a mixer of Asian American, African American, Native Americans, Portuguese and Hispanics. 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It is also worth noting that it took America overRead MoreNative American Alaska Native Cultural Project5977 Words   |  24 PagesProject: Native Americans and Alaska Natives Introduction The outline and presentation for this assignment generally follows the presentations from Giger’s (2009) Application of Assessment and Intervention Techniques to Specific Cultural Groups. There are over 500 Federally Recognized tribes in the U.S., plus some additional tribes recognized by states, plus unknown number of smaller unrecognized tribes. Many are also divided into clans and loosely categorized into major groups. While itRead MoreEssay Colonization Across the Globe5171 Words   |  21 Pagesstarted disputing areas of influence on the South American continent. The dispute was eventually settled by the Pope (Alexander VI), who in 1493, drew up defined areas of influence for the two nations with the idea of spreading Christianity to the natives in those territories. 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Government-Funded Independent Schools Essays - 1729 Words

An analysis of charter schools – government-funded independent schools that offer either a special theme or are required to meet a particular performance indicator (Davies Guppy, 2006) – as an alternative to mainstream public education reveals that charter schools should be notnot be supported for several reasons. First, in terms of academic performance, there is little evidence that charter school students fare better than public school students (Murphy, 2003). Second, as new providers of education, advocates claim charter schools bring innovative and fresh new thinking to schooling practices (Davies Guppy, 2006), but research has found there is weak evidence to support such a claim. Finally, proponents of charter schools and†¦show more content†¦This is opposed to the one-size-fits-all approach of the public education system (Davies Guppy, 2006). Consequently, student learning and performance should increase. However, there is little evidence to support th is claim; studies have found that improvements in learning are not significant and are similar to the achievement gains in regular public schools (Murphy, 2003). The absence of an alleged increase in academic achievement in charter schools compared to public schools is further supported by a study on the results of the 2003 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) mathematics exam in the U.S. The study compared the math scores of 190,000 fourth graders and 153,000 eight graders students from 13,577 public, private and charter schools (Lubienski Lubienski, 2006). As opposed to reading, math is more influenced by school than home experiences and thus, math scores offer better insights into the performance of different types of schools relative to one another (Lubienski Lubienski, 2006). Once differences in location and demographics were controlled, the study found that the fourth graders in charter schools actually scored a statistically significant 4.4 points lower than public schools, but eight graders in charter schools scored a statistically insignificant 2.4 points higher than public schools (Lubienski Lubienski, 2006). Clearl y, the findings of this study refuteShow MoreRelatedKnow the Structure of Education from Early Years to Post-Compulsory Education718 Words   |  3 Pagesthe structure of education from early years to post-compulsory education Before a child reaches school age they are entitled to free early year’s education from the early year’s foundation stage (EYFS). The aim of the EYFS is to ensure that all children under five benefit from a safe, secure and happy environment where they can play and develop, laying the foundation for success with the primary school curriculum. There are 6 key areas the EYFS are trying to combat and they are: 1. Personal,Read MoreEducation And The Childcare Act871 Words   |  4 PagesSince the government brought Every Child Matters and the Childcare Act 2006, every child between 3 and 4 years old is entitled to have 15 hours of free early yearsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬TM education, over 38 weeks in the year. The entitlement is funded by government via local authorities. The idea behind this is to make sure all children have equal opportunities to education regardless of their social status. Also their parents donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬TMt have to pay for that 15 hours a week. Children will be learning through play. ForRead MoreCompulsory Education For All Children1639 Words   |  7 Pagesages in schools. A school might be described as a form of social organisation called an institution. An institution can be described as a structure for social order that attempts to govern the behaviour of a set of individual people in a community. 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Are run by the governing bodyRead MoreSchools as Organisations 3.2 Essay916 Words   |  4 PagesTDA 3.2 SCHOOLS AS ORGANISATIONS SUMMARISE ENTITLEMENT AND PROVISION FOR EARLY YEARS EDUCATION All three and four year olds are  entitled to  15 hours of  free early year’s education for 38 weeks of the  year. Parents have the right to request a flexible working pattern if  they have a child  aged  under six or a disabled child under 18. This free education may take place in Ofsted registered premises, this may be named as an Early Years Unit these are often attached to a school, alternativelyRead MoreTda 3.2 Schools as Organisations 1.2 Explain the Characteristics of the Different Types of Schools in Relation to Educational Stage(S) School Governance.746 Words   |  3 Pagesthe different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s) school governance. There are four types of mainstream schools that have to adhere to the national curriculum and are funded by the LEA (Local Education Authority). These are: Community schools. Are run by the local authority, which employs the staff and owns the building and/or the land and also decide on the admissions criteria. They promote strong links with the local community and may use the school facilities for localRead More1.2 Explain the Characteristics of the Different Types of Schools in Relation to Educational Stage(S) and School Governance.627 Words   |  3 Pagesthe different types of schools in relation to educational stage(s) and school governance. Community schools are run and owned by the Local Authority, which may support the school through the local community and also by providing a support service. They will determine the admission policy, also, they will develop the use of school facilities by local groups for example. -Adult education. - Childcare classes. Foundation and trust schools are mostly run by the school governing body, they willRead MoreThe Structure of Education from Early Years to Post-Compulsory Education1082 Words   |  5 Pages2 years free education before reaching school age. The characteristics of schools amp; school governance. All schools are seeking to enforce expectations in terms of meeting the national curriculum. Under the National Curriculum there are four Key Stages to education: Foundation 4 year olds Key Stage 1 5 to 7 year olds Key Stage 2 7 to 11 year olds Key Stage 3 11 to 14 year olds Key Stage 4 14 to 16 year olds Mainstream State Schools All children in England aged 5 to 16Read MoreEvaluation Of The Early Years1106 Words   |  5 Pagestakes place in a variety of settings including state nursery schools, nursery classes and reception classes within primary schools, as well as settings outside the state sector such as voluntary pre-schools, privately run nurseries or childminders. These are known as providers and all providers are under a duty to deliver the Early Years Foundation Stage. The providers must be registered and inspected by Ofsted or the Independent Schools Inspectorate. The Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) came intoRead MorePros and Cons on Public and Private Schools1187 Words   |  5 Pagesversus private school some things to consider are class size, academic offering, cultural diversity, afterschool activities and cost. The type of school to choose can be equally as difficult. There are public schools, charter schools, religious schools, homeschooling, and private schools. With so many choices it’s important to know the difference between each option. Public school is primarily supported by public funds. Public school funding comes primarily from local government sources of revenue

Business Marketing Free Essays

Chapter 7 LO1. There are four major trends that have influenced world trade and global marketing . first one is decline of economic protectionism , is the practice of shielding one or more industries within a country’s economy from foreign competition through the use of tariffs or quotas . We will write a custom essay sample on Business Marketing or any similar topic only for you Order Now Second is rise of economic integration , just like creation of the European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement . Third , there exists global competition among global companies for global consumers , resulting in firms adopting global marketing strategies and promoting global brands . And finally , is the emergence of a networked global marketspace has emerged using internet technology as a tool for exchanging goods , services , and information on a global scale. LO2. Global marketing efforts was shape by three major environmental . first , cultural diversity , including a society’s values , customs and cultural symbols and language . Second , Economic considerations which include economic infrastructure , consumer income and purchasing power , currency exchange rates is also shape global marketing efforts . The last one is political-regulatory climate . Its for marketing in a country or region of the world means not only identifying the current climate but determining how long a favorable or unfavorable climate will last . LO3. Exporting , licensing , joint venture , and direct investment are four alternative approaches for entering global markets . Exporting involves producing goods in one country and selling them in another country . A company offers the right to a trademark , patent , trade secret , or other similarly valued item of intellectual property in return for a royalty or fee , that is licensing . When a foreign company and a local firm invest together to create a local business it is called a joint venture . They share ownership , control , and the profits of the new company . Finally , The direct investment is which entails a domestic firm actually investing in and owning a foreign subsidiary or division , that is the biggest commitment a company can make when entering the global market . LO4. Successful global marketers standardize global marketing programs whenever possible and customize them wherever necessary . Companies distinguish between standardization and customization when crafting worldwide marketing programs . Standardization means that all elements of the marketing program are the same across counties and cultures , like Coca-Cola ,Levi’s jeans or Sony consumer electronics. Customization means that one or more elements of the marketing program are adapted to meet the needs or preferences of consumers is a particular country or culture . Like McDonald’s does not sell beef hamburgers in its restaurants in India because the cow is considered sacred by almost 85 percent of the population . Global marketers apply a simple rule when crafting worldwide marketing programs : standardize marketing programs whenever possible and customize them wherever necessary . Chapter 8 LO1. Marketing research is the process of defining a marketing problem and opportunity , systematically collecting and analyzing information, and recommending actions . Marketing research reduces risk by providing the vital information to help marketing managers understand those wants and needs and translate them into marketing actions. LO2. Those are five-step decisions-making process to collect information that will help improve marketing decisions when engage marketing researchers. Define the problem is the first step should do . Every marketing problem faces its own research challenges , should setting the research objective and identifying possible marketing actions . Develop the research plan is the second step in the marketing research process requires , which the researcher specify the constaints on the marketing research activity , identify the data needed for marketing decisions , and determine how to collect the data . Collect relevant information is the next step , which includes considering pertinent secondary data and primary data as well as using information technology and data mining to trigger marketing actions . Step 4 is develop findings from the marketing research data collected . This involved analyze the data and present the findings of the research . The last step is take marketing actions , which involves implement the action recommendations , evaluate the results . LO3. Secondary data have already been recorded before the start of the project and consist of two parts : internal secondary data , which originate from within the organization , such as sales reports and customer comments , and external secondary data , which are created y other organizations , such as the U. S. Census Bureau , or business and trade publications , Primary data are collected specifically for the project and are obtained by either observing or questioning people . LO4. Marketing researchers observe people in various ways , such as electronically using Nielsen people meters to measure TV viewing behavior or personally using mystery shoppers or ethnographic techniques . A recent electronic innovation is neuromarketing –useing high-tech brain scanning to record the responses of a consumer’s brain to marketing stimuli like packages or TV ads . Questionnaires involve asking people questions in person using interviews or focus groups or via a questionnaire using a telephone, fax , print, e-mail , or internet survey . Panels involve a sample of consumers or stores that are repeatedly measured through time to see if their behaviors change . Experiments , such as test markets , involve measuring the effect of marketing variables such as price or advertising on sales . Collecting data from social networks like Facebook or Twitter is increasingly important because users can share their opinions about products and services with countless â€Å"friends† around the globe. LO5. Today’s marketing managers are often overloaded with data–from internal sales and customer data to external on TV viewing habits or grocery purchases from the scanner data at checkout counters Information technology enables this massive amount of marketing data to be stored , accessed , and processed . The resulting databases can be queried using data mining to find statistical relationships useful for marketing decisions and actions . LO6. One approach uses subjective judgments of the decision maker , such as direct or lost-horse forecasts . A direct forecast involves estimating the alue to be forecast without any intervening steps . A lost-horse forecast starts with the last known value of the item being forecast , and then lists the factors that could affect the forecast , assesses whether thy have a positive or negative impact , and makes the final forecast . Surveys of knowledgeable groups , a second method , involves obtaining information such as the intentio ns of potential buyers or estimates of the salesforce . Statistical methods involving extending a pattern observed in past data into the future are a third approach . The best-known statistical method is linear trend extrapolation . How to cite Business Marketing, Essay examples

Poetry Assignment

The following essay will analyze five poems: two from Emily Dickinson, one from Dylan Thomas, one from Langston Hughes and one from Gwendolyn Brooks. These five poems run the gamut of style, theme and imagery. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Poetry Assignment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Each poem has been chosen because it is indicative of a certain aspect of the poet’s work, and will be analyzed from the perspective of imagery, followed by a discussion of each individual poem’s theme. The poets themselves differ greatly in life experience and subject matter, all of which the reader sees reflected in this sampling of poetic works. The poets have been chosen because they all created work that came from their personal experience and crafted it into poems that have stood the test of time and continue to be studied and interpreted years after their initial publication. The poems under discussion include Because I Could Not Stop for Death and Wild Nights_Wild Nights! by Emily Dickinson, Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night by Dylan Thomas, Harlem by Langston Hughes and We Real Cool by Gwendolyn Brooks. Because I Could not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson was chosen for this paper because it is the most famous and most successful example of her proleptic poems, wherein the narrator addresses the reader from beyond the curtain of death. Critics and biographers have attributed the impetus for the poem Because I Could not Stop for Death to the death of one of Emily Dickinson’s friends, Olivia Coleman, who succumbed to a tuberculosis attack while riding in a carriage in 1846 (Joyner 1). After this event Emily Dickinson wrote to a friend named Abiah Root and remarked in that correspondence that she â€Å"almost wish[ed] there was no Eternity. To think that we must live forever and never cease to be† (Joyner 1). As many poets do, Emily Dickinson drew from her life e xperience to develop her work and the deaths of her family members and friends factor greatly in many of her poems as a result (Joyner 1) The most arresting image in Because I Could not Stop for Death occurs in the stanza â€Å"Since then—’tis Centuries—and yet, Feels shorter than the Day, I first surmised the Horse’s Heads, Were toward Eternity† (Dickinson 2). According to critic Nancy Joyner this stanza â€Å"might imply that the speaker is remembering the day of her death from beyond the grave, or that her escort has betrayed her by keeping her riding in limbo, or that she is expressing a death wish, or that she merely distinguishes between finitude†¦and timelessness, or that she finds the human’s lot of the realization of death to be so overwhelming that it makes time stand still† (Joyner 1). The multiple interpretations that this image supports speaks to the brilliance of Emily Dickinson as a poet. Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The image itself is simultaneously chilling and compelling, largely because the narrator addresses the reader using the pronoun â€Å"I† (Dickinson 2). The narrator’s realization is made that much more personal and arresting using first person and the imagery â€Å"’tis Centuries—and yet, Feels shorter than the Day† places the poem in a state which accurately describes the experience of being beyond time (Dickinson 2). The theme of Because I Could not Stop for Death speaks to the human propensity to avoid the subject of death. The narrator â€Å"could not stop for Death† (Dickinson 2). Given the reality of human life – that we are mortal – the irony of this line implies that the narrator has entered a state of denial toward death which makes her believe that she might actually escape it if she continues to de ny its existence. Wild Nights_Wild Nights! was chosen because it represents a pure expression of the dizzying emotional heights attained by those in love. Love poems in the work of Emily Dickinson are rare; her work was largely intellectual in nature. Yet Emily Dickinson’s poetic gift was perfectly able to communicate love’s passion, and her expression is full of abandon. According to Emily Dickinson’s niece Madame Martha Bianchi, who was the poet’s first biographer, love poems such as Wild Nights_Wild Nights! were created from the poet’s love affair with a married man that the poet met while away on a trip (Powell 1). The affair was â€Å"solved in the ideal Victorian manner. The lovers made the great renunciation. The man took his family and went west, [and] Emily returned to Amherst to†¦live that life of seclusion which is always associated with her name (Powell 1). Nonetheless, Wild Nights_Wild Nights! remains a passionate declaration of love. The most arresting image in Wild Nights_Wild Nights! occurs in the stanzas â€Å"Futile—the Winds—To a Heart in port—Done with the Compass—Done with the Chart! Rowing in Eden—Ah, the Sea! Might I but moor—Tonight—In Thee!† (Dickinson 3). The poet compares her heart to a ship that has returned home after long voyage and has no intention of returning to the ocean, having found an idyllic harbor. The theme of the poem is love, and the use of punctuation, particularly the exclamation points, suggests to the reader that these feelings of love are new, given their intensity. As Powell explains, much of Emily Dickinson’s works â€Å"makes little sensuous appeal at all, using images which are purely intellectual,† yet Wild Nights_Wild Nights! stands apart as a testament to the passion that lived in the poet’s heart. (Powell 1) The poem Do Not Go Gently into that Good Night was chosen for this paper because o f its vibrant use of imagery. The poet wrote this poem for his dying father, and according to Hochman, â€Å"entreats his father not to accept death quietly, but instead, to fight it† (Hochman 1). Dylan Thomas never sent the poem while the old man was alive, yet it has become one of his most famous works.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Poetry Assignment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One particularly arresting image found in the poem occurs in the stanza â€Å"Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright, Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, Do not go gentle into that good night† (Thomas 1). Dylan Thomas’s imagery here suggests an epic wrestling with the cosmic forces of mortality by enlisting the ocean and sun. These stanza also crea te tremendous movement within the poem. Death is the theme of Do Not Go Gently into that Good Night, and the poem offers Dylan Thomas’s uncommon counsel not to accept the â€Å"good night† that death represents passively, but to go down fighting (Thomas 1). Typically the fodder of poetry is a quiet resignation to mortal forces beyond our control; many poems with death as their theme encourage readers to â€Å"accept†¦death peacefully and gracefully† (Hochman 1). However in Do Not Go Gently into that Good Night Dylan Thomas offers something far more incendiary in that he suggests that mortals should not accept this core fundament of our being. In Hochman’s words, â€Å"perhaps it is this contradiction, unreconciled, that gives this poem its power, its ability to paralyze rational overcoming and obstruct the desire to make polarities meet at some middle ground† (Hochman 1). Harlem by Langston Hughes was chosen for this paper because the poem sp eaks to the urban experience of the socioeconomically oppressed underclass of modern cities. One arresting image from the poem occurs in the last line â€Å"or does it explode?† (Hughes 3). Hughes ends the poem with an ambiguous image which could be construed equally as death or violent anger. When interpreted as violent anger, the final line may be read as a call to action that portends the Civil Rights movement in the United States. Hughes clearly describes the theme of Harlem in the rhetorical question that opens the poem: â€Å"What happens to a dream deferred?† (Hughes 3). The dream put on hold describes the psychological suffering of a generation of human beings deprived of human rights on the basis of skin color.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The poem We Real Cool was chosen for this paper for two reasons: one, because the simplicity of its language provides an arresting contrast to the other poems, and two, because similar to Harlem, it has a grounded, urban quality that speaks to the real issues faced by socioeconomically disenfranchised city dwellers. One arresting image in We Real Cool occurs in the line â€Å"We Sing sin† (Brooks 1). This one line contrasts the other lines of the poem that describe resignation because it speaks to a desire for life in these young men. The fact that they â€Å"Sing sin† means that they revel in pleasure, and reveling in pleasure means that they want to experience life, and contradicts the idea that they are simply waiting for death (Brooks 1). The reader understands this because â€Å"Sing† has been capitalized (Brooks 1). There are two ways to interpret the theme of We Real Cool. The last line â€Å"We / Die soon,† suggests a tragic statement revealing t he short violent nature of the lives of these young men. Conversely, however, as critic Joe Sarnowski points out, â€Å"We / Die soon,† could also be a reminder that life is short and needs to be lived to the fullest (Brooks 1). In Sarnowski’s words, the pool players â€Å"seem to say that life is too short: that we all die too soon, so why not enjoy life while one has it?† (Sarnowski 2). The theme of We Real Cool could then be interpreted as a calling for young and old alike to â€Å"face death without fear or regret† (Sarnowski 2). The poems under discussion in this essay – Because I Could Not Stop for Death and Wild Nights_Wild Nights! by Emily Dickinson, Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night by Dylan Thomas, Harlem by Langston Hughes and We Real Cool by Gwendolyn Brooks – represent a sampling of some of the most provocative poems of the last two centuries. Rich in imagery and rife with multiple themes, these poems continue to be studied and read long past the deaths of their creators due to their universal appeal. Works Cited Brooks, Gwendolyn. â€Å"We Real Cool.† Reading for English 2. Mark Connelley and Joseph Trimmer, eds. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995. Print. Dickinson, Emily. â€Å"Because I Could not Stop for Death.† Reading for English 2. Mark Connelley and Joseph Trimmer, eds. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995. Print. Dickinson, Emily. â€Å"Wild Nights_Wild Nights!† Reading for English 2. Mark Connelley and Joseph Trimmer, eds. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995. Print Hochman, Jhan. â€Å"An Overview of Do Not Go Gentle into that Good Night.† Poetry for Students. Mary K. Ruby, ed. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Web. Hughes, Langston. â€Å"Harlem.† Reading for English 2. Mark Connelley and Joseph Trimmer, eds. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 1995. Print. Joyner, Nancy Carol. â€Å"Because I Could Not Stop For Death: Overview .† Reference Guide to American Literature. Jim Kamp, ed. 3rd ed. Detroit: St. James Press, 1994. Web. Powell, Desmond. â€Å"Emily Dickinson.† Emily Dickinson. Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism: Volume 171. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker, eds. Detroit: Gale Group, 2006. Web. Sarnowski, Joe. â€Å"Critical Essay on ‘We Real Cool’.† Poetry for Students. Mary K. Ruby, ed. Vol. 6. Detroit: Gale Group, 1999. Web. Thomas, Dylan. â€Å"Do Not Go Gently into that Good Night.† Reading for English 2. Mark Connelley and Joseph Trimmer, eds. Oxford, U.K.:Oxford University Press, 1995. Print. This essay on Poetry Assignment was written and submitted by user Jocelynn Colon to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on The Influence Of Edgar Allen Poe’s Life On His Writings

The life events of Edgar Allan Poe greatly influenced the style and content of his work. There are many common motifs or allusions that are seen time and again in Poe’s writing. One motif that appears in Poe’s literature is the Old man-father figure (Basuray 1). This figure is usually seen as evil and unwanted by others. This is probably because he seemed to hate all the men in his life. Poe’s natural father, David Poe, died in 1910 at the age of 36 when Edgar was only one year old. He was left with his pregnant mother who was an actress. Their family struggled very much. Later Poe said that he felt deserted by his natural father (Poe, Edgar 2-3). Poe despised his stepfather John Allen. They argued frequently and John rarely showed his affection toward Edgar. â€Å"†¦[He] even described his son as ‘miserable, sulky, and ill-tempered’† (Poe, Edgar 3). The Allen’s moved to Virginia, then London, and eventually, after John’s company went under, to New York. Edgar had bitter feelings toward John because of all the relocating. He disliked the Weigel 2 boarding school in England and felt lonely and unwanted everywhere else. He later brought shame on his family because of his alcoholic addiction and army ejection. He was disowned by John Allen and received a letter desiring â€Å"no further communication with yourself on my part† (Drugs and alcohol 3). Poe’s stepfather should’ve been the role model in his life but he instead became an evil character in many of his stories because of the tension in their relationship. â€Å"In Poe’s writing the old man figure may retain knowledge but he is far different than the contemporary definition of the old man archetype† (Basuary 5). He showed a certain evil in him that had never been established in a reoccurring character before. â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is a great example of this reoccurring character. The narrator hated the â€Å"eye† but not the man. Although... Free Essays on The Influence Of Edgar Allen Poe’s Life On His Writings Free Essays on The Influence Of Edgar Allen Poe’s Life On His Writings The life events of Edgar Allan Poe greatly influenced the style and content of his work. There are many common motifs or allusions that are seen time and again in Poe’s writing. One motif that appears in Poe’s literature is the Old man-father figure (Basuray 1). This figure is usually seen as evil and unwanted by others. This is probably because he seemed to hate all the men in his life. Poe’s natural father, David Poe, died in 1910 at the age of 36 when Edgar was only one year old. He was left with his pregnant mother who was an actress. Their family struggled very much. Later Poe said that he felt deserted by his natural father (Poe, Edgar 2-3). Poe despised his stepfather John Allen. They argued frequently and John rarely showed his affection toward Edgar. â€Å"†¦[He] even described his son as ‘miserable, sulky, and ill-tempered’† (Poe, Edgar 3). The Allen’s moved to Virginia, then London, and eventually, after John’s company went under, to New York. Edgar had bitter feelings toward John because of all the relocating. He disliked the Weigel 2 boarding school in England and felt lonely and unwanted everywhere else. He later brought shame on his family because of his alcoholic addiction and army ejection. He was disowned by John Allen and received a letter desiring â€Å"no further communication with yourself on my part† (Drugs and alcohol 3). Poe’s stepfather should’ve been the role model in his life but he instead became an evil character in many of his stories because of the tension in their relationship. â€Å"In Poe’s writing the old man figure may retain knowledge but he is far different than the contemporary definition of the old man archetype† (Basuary 5). He showed a certain evil in him that had never been established in a reoccurring character before. â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† is a great example of this reoccurring character. The narrator hated the â€Å"eye† but not the man. Although...

Harriet the Spy - Controversial Classic Childrens Book

Harriet the Spy - Controversial Classic Children's Book Harriet the Spy by Louise Fitzhugh has delighted kids and outraged some adults for more than 50 years. Spying is a serious business that requires concentration, patience, and an ability to think fast and write faster. Meet Harriet M. Welsch, 11-year-old girl spy and irreverent rebel. Fitzhugh’s classic novel Harriet the Spy, first published in 1964, introduced realism in the form of a flawed main character to an unsuspecting audience. Controversial and charismatic, Fitzhugh’s Harriet was a revolutionary personality bound to stir up dynamic discussion. The publisher recommends the book for ages 8-12. The Story Harriet M. Welsch is an 11-year-old sixth grader with a vivid imagination, a bossy attitude, and a freakish ability to hide in one spot for hours while observing her targets. The only child of a well-to-do New York couple, Harriet lives with her parents, a cook and a nurse named Ole Golly. She has two best friends, Sport and Janie, who are used to Harriet’s take-charge attitude and play along with her imaginary games. Although independent in her spy adventures, Harriet is a girl who depends on routine. Each day follows a schedule including coming home after to school for cake and milk before she takes off on her spy route. After school, she puts on her spy gear and canvases the neighborhood. Whether hanging out in a dark alley listening to the Dei Santi family, clinging to a window ledge to spy on Mr. Withers and his cats, or wedging herself tightly into a dumbwaiter to hear Mrs. Plumber’s theatrical phone calls, Harriet will wait for hours to hear something she can write down in her precious notebook. Life is neat and predictable for Harriet until the day she discovers that Ole Golly has a boyfriend! Dependent on Ole Golly for stability and routine, Harriet is distraught when the nurse announces that she’s getting married and leaving Harriet to start a new life in Canada. Harriet, shaken by this change in routine, focuses more on her spying and writes copious hateful notes about friends and neighbors. Meanwhile, she is fighting with her parents and finding it difficult to concentrate in school. Her troubles come to a head during a game of tag when she realizes her spy notebook has fallen into the hands of her classmates. The classmates’ revenge combined with Harriet’s personal world upheaval put into motion a roller coaster of disastrous events. Author Louise Fitzhugh Louise Fitzhugh, born October 5, 1928, in Memphis, Tennessee, did not have an ideal childhood. Her parents divorced when she was two and she was raised by her father who funded her attendance at Hutchins, an elite all-girl boarding school. Fitzhugh attended college to study painting and started her career as an illustrator. Harriet the Spy, which she also illustrated, debuted in 1964. Louise Fitzhugh died unexpectedly of a brain aneurysm at the age of 46 in 1974. In addition to Harriet the Spy, Fitzhughs Nobodys Family is Going to Change, a realistic novel for middle-grade readers 10 and up, remains in print. (Source: Children’s Literature Network and Macmillan) Controversy Harriet M. Welsch is not only a girl spy; she’s a girl spy with spice and that type of character didn’t find favor with some parents and teachers. Besides being brash, self-centered and prone to throwing full-blown tantrums, Harriet was not the polite demure spy like Nancy Drew with whom most readers were familiar. Harriet cursed, talked back to her parents, and didn’t care that her words were hurtful. According to the NPR feature â€Å"Unapologetically Harriet, the Misfit Spy, the book was banned and challenged by many parents and teachers who felt Harriet was a poor role model for children because she exhibited delinquent tendencies. Harriet, the early critics argued, didn’t spy, but rather gossiped, slandered, and hurt other people without feeling sorry about her actions. Despite the early controversy, Harriet the Spy was listed as #17 on the list of Top 100 Children’s Novels in a 2012 poll of School Library Journal readers and is considered a landmark novel in realistic children’s literature. Our Recommendation Harriet isn’t exactly a paragon of virtue. Spying on her neighbors and friends, writing down mean and hurtful comments, she doesn’t seem truly sorry for her words or actions. Today these characteristics in a fictional children’s book character are not atypical, but in 1964 Harriet was unrivaled as a snarky character who was unafraid to speak her mind or talk back to her parents. Children’s book expert Anita Silvey, who included Harriet the Spy in her book 100 Best Books for Children, describes Harriet as a solid character who stays the same. She doesn’t metamorphose into a nice little girl who is deeply repentant for the harm she’s inflicted. Instead, she’s learned to be a bit more tactful in expressing herself. Harriet is a rebel, and it’s easy to believe that she’s a real person because she stays true to herself. Harriet the Spy is an engaging book for reluctant readers as well as for readers who enjoy stories with unique characters who think and speak outside the box. We recommend this book for readers ages 10-up. (Yearling Books, an imprint of Random House, 2001. Paperback ISBN: 9780440416791) The 50th Anniversary Edition In honor of the 50th anniversary of the 1964 publication of Harriet the Spy, a special hardcover edition was published in 2014, with a number of special additions. These include tributes by a number of well-known childrens authors, including Judy Blume, Lois Lowry, and Rebecca Stead and a map of Harriet’s New York City neighborhood and spy route.  The special edition also includes some of the original author and editor correspondence. Edited by Elizabeth Kennedy, Childrens Books Expert

Journal 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Journal 7 - Essay Example A non-native exposed to a supportive environment is more likely to learn good English twice as first as a non-native exposed to a less supportive setting. Nevertheless, it is the primary responsibility for the non-natives to work hard to attain good pronunciations and grammar. They should practice on word pronunciations and be ready to learn from the natives. Pronouncing words slowly is a working solution towards overcoming an accent, and it has mutual advantage since the listener can understand, and the speaker perfects on better pronunciations of English words. Non-native speakers experience word selection problems while conversing with the other people. Poor word selection can lead to the listener failing to understanding the speaker or creation of wrong perceptions. The sentences below shows how of wrong pronunciation of words by non-natives create wrong understanding to the listener. Non-native: having a â€Å"desert† makes me happy and I look forward to having one each time. - Most non-natives have problems pronouncing the word dessert and pronounce it as desert that would create a new meaning to the sentence. Avoiding such words and using simple terms is necessary for the non-native to converse clearly. It would have been easier for a non-native to say â€Å"I enjoy taking something different after a main meal† A native speaker would have clearly understood the meaning Non-native: I â€Å"accept† the terms and conditions. – Non-natives have problems pronouncing the words accept and expect and in such a sentence, wrong pronunciation would affect the meaning to the listener. Using a different word such â€Å"I agree with the terms and conditions† would have been easier to pronounce, and the listener would have understood. In conclusion, the people around a non-native speaker can be very influential to how well he/she learns English. Correct choice of words is crucial for the effectiveness of dialogues and better

In what ways did US officials act to build a global order under US Essay

In what ways did US officials act to build a global order under US leadership, during and after World War Two, and what were the essential features of that order - Essay Example According to Hudson (2008), foreign policy is â€Å"the strategy or approach chosen by the national government to achieve its goals in its relations with external entities† (p. 12). Kaufman (2010), in turn, writes that the formulation of foreign policy denotes a process of reassessing certain policies – either previous or existing ones – as a result of changing circumstances. In general, the process of foreign policy decision making not only involves various domestic actors aiming for certain outcomes, most notably the national government, but is also highly dependent upon regional and global developments, factors, and forces, which constitute the particular international context. While most of the foreign policy decisions, whether being concerned with international trade, economic and diplomatic relations, immigration policies, etc., could be considered relatively routine, there are extraordinary ones where the stakes appear to be extremely high (Kaufman, 2010), like the formation of strategic alliances, decisions on whether to go to war or make peace, etc. On the other hand, even those foreign policy decisions, which are generally considered routine, inevitably attract more attention in election years, or when an extraordinary event or development occurs (Kaufman, 2010). Thus, as noted by Kaufman (2010), foreign policy is not only of concern to diplomats or bureaucrats but can affect everyone. Two conceptions of what the American type of government should consists in had been put forward at the very dawn of the United States – that of Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton (Kaufman, 2010). While Jefferson didn’t conceal his animosity towards à ¢â‚¬Å"a very energetic government† (US Department of State, n.d.; Peterson, 1993), Alexander Hamilton, in turn, argued in favour of a strong relationship between the national government and big business, order, efficiency, as well as for the necessity of integrating the country – under favourable terms however – into the international system (Kaufman, 2010). Even though these views seem opposite to each other, historians aptly point out that Hamilton and Jefferson â€Å"often arrived at the same practical conclusion† (Harper, 2004, p.104). Not surprisingly therefore, the principles of economic development and non-interference in the European conflicts remained â€Å"a matter of consensus†, and the pillars of American foreign policy until the early twentieth century (Harper, 2004, p.104). Nevertheless, the purchase of Louisiana from France during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson and the War of 1812 signalled more or less a considerable shift in US foreign policy behaviour. The success of the purchase of Louisiana could be deemed to have set the precedent for buying the strip of land along the American–Mexican border in 1853 – named after the American general and diplomat James Gadsden, aka the Treaty of La Mesilla (Ibarra, 2004; Yale Law School, n.d.) – as well as Alaska from the Russian empire in 1867. The War

Essay --

CIMB Group Holdings Berhad CIMB Group Holdings Berhad is a dominant ASEAN universal bank, one of the largest investment bank in Asia and also one of the world's largest Islamic banks. CIMB Group provided services in consumer banking, wholesale banking, Islamic banking and asset management. Its corporate banking and treasury markets business offers one of the most comprehensive and integrated product and services that suites universal banks in ASEAN. CIMB Group in Malaysia headquartered in Kuala Lumpur. It is first known as Bian Chiang Bank and was established in Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia in 1924 by Wee Kheng Chiang where the bank's activities were mainly related to business financing and the issuance of bills of exchange. Currently, the group has over 43,000 employees located in 18 countries, covering ASEAN and major global financial centres. Its products and services are complemented by partnerships and alliances with many well-known companies such as Principal Financial Group, Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Sun Life Assurance, Allianz Insurance, Thai Life Insurance, Sri Ayudhya General Insurance, and Mapletree Investments. Dutch Lady Dutch Lady Milk Industries Berhad (Dutch Lady Malaysia) was incorporated in 1963. It is the first milk company that listed on Bursa Malaysia in 1968. The Company’s factory is located in Petaling Jaya and has over 600 employees. Its holding company is Royal FrieslandCampina, a Dutch multinational corporation and one of the largest milk companies in the world. Dutch Lady Malaysia manufactures and sells quality dairy products and fruit juices not just for the home, but also for the export market. The company's dairy products have high consumer demand and are represented by familiar brands such as D... ...was incorporated in Malaysia on 15 April 1995 as a private company which under the name of Ampney Holdings Sdn Bhd. Amway is one of the world's largest direct selling companies in Malaysia. The Amway business has grown to provide opportunities for more than three million people and marketing around 450 products. In addition, the main activity of Amway is investment holding and it now operates in over 80 countries. Amway can consider as the global leader in the direct sales business sector, and it was the most experienced and supportive partner. The Amway company began the business as a low-cost business opportunity. Today, Amway is the leading direct selling company in Malaysia with a core distributor force of 221,000 from all corners of the nation and a high sales turnover for the financial year ended 31 December 2010 that making Amway a household name in Malaysia.

The Global Oil and Gas Industry Essay

Oil industry is a very complicated industry. Oil is very valuable and needed in every aspect of life. The world economy depends on entirely. This industry has gone through many challenges in history. It began as early as 15th century. During early years, there were firms that specialized in producing, refining and selling the oil products. These firms enjoyed monopoly. Later on, states decided to take ownership of the oil fields. The oil supply chain is composed of three levels. There is upstream that is involved with the exploration and production of oil. There is midstream that is involved with storage and transport of the crude oil. Then there is downstream that is concerned with refining the crude oil into its constituents and then distributing them o the consumers. At all these levels, many actors are involved.The key actors are the government and the oil companies. The three main types of oil companies are the integrated oil companies, the national oil companies and the indepen dent companies. Politics has a direct effect on the oil supply chain. Wars also impact the oil industry negatively. Key words: Oil Industry, world economy, oil supply chain, actors in the oil industry, politics and war, Oil is a very crucial resource in the world (Inkpen, 2010, 1). Undoubtedly, it is the only resource that runs the world economy according to Inkpen (2010, 3). There is no economic activity that would run without it. Consider transporting of goods and services from one place to another. Oil must be available for the transport to take place. Consider the heavy machines that are used in factories in the process of manufacturing of products for sale. It is a fact that all these machines would stop running in the absence of oil. It is sensible to state that there is nothing that can remain stable in the absence of oil. In other words, the whole world would literally come to a standstill without oil. In other words, because of its importance, the entire world is affected by anything that concerns oil. In the oil supply chain, main actors play a part. These actors are encountered from the point of oil exploration to the point of oil processing and consumption. They control many aspects of the oil. Besides, they make important decisions regarding oil. Their decisions have far reaching consequences even at the level of the consumer. Historically, oil resource has been subjected to stringent control by these powerful actors. In this paper, the historical background that surrounds actors in the oil supply chain as well as the future of the oil industry is brought to light. History             Oil has been used over a longlong time. It started being used in 15th century. Its management has undergone numerous changes over time. Initially, oil sector all the way from exploration to processing was done privately by companies. Slowly by slowly, the national government started getting engaged in the matters of the oil sector and taking a share of ownership of the sector. Presently, national governments have taken over the control of oil resource. Oil fields have been classified as sate resource and, therefore, should benefit the government. It is worth noting that the struggle to achieve the principle of state power over the oil resources has not been a simple one. In Mexico, the state managed to claim state ownership of oil fields in 1917. In addition, it was able to gain autonomous control over the same in 1938. The UK prepared an Act called Petroleum Act of 1934. It is this Act that provided the guidelines for reclaiming oil resources into state ownership .However, in the US, the process of converting oil fields into state owned resources has been slow. In the recent past, the state allowed private individuals to have absolute control over the oil fields if they were within their territory. The state only owned what was present in the federal land. Nevertheless, this has changed because as at present, the state has taken over the ownership of oil fields and converted them to state properties. Ownership of oil fields notwithstanding, transport, distribution and processing of oil has undergone tremendous changes. Strong organizations have come up to control the entire supply chain of the oils. In simple terms, production and supply of oil has created a very sophisticated network. Political shades also crown the industry. Powerful actors control this fundamental resource. Therefore, oil industry is a very dynamic industry (Inkpen, 2010, 1). Actors in the Oil Industry             There are many actors in the oil industry. These actors are responsible for everything that happens in the oil industry. They are in charge of oil exploration, oil excavation, distribution and even refining before reaching the final consumer. It is important to state that the same actors also are involved in setting up prices for the oils. They control the volume of supply as well as its reliability. They dominate the upstream, the midstream and the downstream of the supply chain. At the upstream, the activities taking place are exploration and production of the oil. At the midstream level, the main activities taking place are storage and transportation of the oil. The downstream level of the supply chain is characterized by refining of the oil, distribution and consumption. The actors are mainly the states and powerful firms. These actors are powerful and the decisions that they make have far reaching consequences. They include the states that exercise their powe r as landlords of the oil resources in the nations that produce it, as champions and as regulators. They mostly dominate the upstream level of oil supply chain. Firms play a part in the integration of the oil resources. Usually, they are created by the oil producing state or states that are main importers of oil. They can also be formed by representatives from several states that share a common element such as oil production. Firms mostly dominate the midstream level of oil supply chain where they exercise their power on the storage and transport of crude oil. They also exercise power at the downstream level where they control refining processes, distribution and prices for the end consumer. In short, the oil supply chain is a very complicated network. This network has brought nations together because of shared common goals. In the subsequent paragraphs, each actor in the oil supply chain is analyzed and its impact in the supply chain assessed. States as oil landlords             It has already been stated that national governments are in control of oil resources. These states are especially those which are principle producers of oil. Some of the states that have autonomy in the oil sector are UK, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Mexico among others. These states are interested in generating revenues for the government. They set conditions under which the firms that will operate within their territory abide to. For instance, in the UK, the national government, through the Crown, issues licenses to firms that are interested in the search and production of oil and gas. The state has absolute power in deciding who to access the oil resources with regard to domestic and foreign firms. Political dimensions and considerations have a great role to play. The state also gives directions on which resources are available and which should not be accessed. In addition, the state determines the impact of resource extraction to the environment and gives an appro priate direction. It has the power to halt a process that has already begun if it is deemed that the negative impact in the environment cannot be controlled. It is also the role of the state to determine what the government stands to gain in any deal with a firm. It also champions local employment. In a nutshell, oil resources in the world within national territories are subjected to national political considerations in that nation. Therefore, oil firms have to contend and sing to the tune of the oil-producing states. Similarly, states that import the oil must create a good rapport with the exporting state in the political sense. States as national champions             States also participate in National Oil Corporations as investors. Most of the top class oil companies are owned by state. These national oil companies dominate the world oil reserves and production. They are involved in determining the volume of oil production by the state. States opted to getting involved in the oil companies in order to make their oil companies have a superior bargaining power internationally. For example, in the Middle East, the government found it necessary to participate actively in the oil companies in order to survive in the international competition by the international companies. In 1972, Iraq made Iraq oil company a national company. Moreover, OPEC ruled that the governments in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and UAE should have at least 25% share in the oil companies. With time, the shares rose and by around 1980, they were 100% (meaning that the national government had taken over the oil company). These are just a few examples to show how states have decided to dominate the oil sector at all points. As far as exporting is concerned, national oil companies have a greater bargaining power. They can also access a wider market than private companies. Thus, it is to the benefit of the exporting country to consider nationalizing oil companies. In addition, states that import oil have national oil companies. Nations like South Korea, India and China have expanded their national oil companies overseas so that they can have access to the oil reserves easily. It is important to note that national oil companies in the importing states have an upper hand when it comes to striking deals with the exporting states. Hence, there is every need for these national oil companies. The deals that are struck at the level of national oil companies are very strong. Furthermore, nationalizing oil companies has helped stop unhealthy competitions among the oil companies. States as regulators             States also play a role as regulators in the oil sector. They set and impose conditions regarding oil production as well as consumption. It is the duty of the government to ensure that oil production does not compromise the environment to the extent that the lives of the people are endangered. For instance, pollution should be kept in check at all cost in the course of production. Furthermore, the rights of the consumer should not be compromised. The government should not watch passively as consumers get exploited by the business people. Moreover, the state imposes taxation on the oil products hence influencing the prices of these products. This way, the government can get revenue from the sales of the oil products. Through taxation, the state regulates the rate of oil consumption. The state also sets regulations and conditions that are meant to protect the rights of the workers. This is a fundamental role of any caring government. Its people should be respected. These conditions are imposed on the firms that are operating within the borders of the state. In short, the government sets out conditions on whether a firm will set out to explore for oil and under which conditions. This influence on the production of oil gives the state an upper hand in as far as its oil resources are concerned. Coupled with political objectives, the state can impose restrictions on the oil companies operating both within the boundaries and overseas. For instance, the US government suspended all dealings with Libya until 2004 over allegations to links to terrorism. Therefore, oil companies in the US could not operate at all in Libya. Similarly, the US government has restricted any of its companies from dealing with Sudan. The Major Industry Players Integrated Oil Companies             Integration is very important in the oil sector. One of its key benefits is to ensure uninterrupted oil supply (Inkpen, 2010, 5). Also integration reduces price fluctuations. The reason for this is that integration helps companies achieve economies of scale and attain geographical diversification. The economy of scale is achieved since there is less competition. Also the market is favorable. In addition, there are fewer fluctuations in prices and this makes the firms stable. They can make better predictions and forecasts in the market. Without the integration, there would be stiff competition that would drive some companies out of market. Geographical diversification is looked at in two aspects. First, the sources of oil are diverse. That means that there are numerous geographical locations where oil is sourced. Integration makes it easy to aces all the locations. Secondly, the consumers of the oil are diversified in terms of geographical location. Integration mak es it easy to reach all these customers. Firms like Exxon, Shell and Total have made their mark in the world. Others are BP, Chevron, ConocoPhilips and ENI. Together, they are referred to as the â€Å"Seven Sister†. They are among the largest world’s companies. They are the largest in terms of both capitalization and array of products that they produce. These firms have direct control at the upstream level and the downstream level of the oil supply chain. They have too much of influence regarding the oil prices. Nationalization of the upstream sectors of oil supply chain curtailed their influence at that level. However, their dominance downstream has not been shaken. Besides these giants in the oil industry, state-owned companies also play a part in the network. They are large companies that are involved with the production, refinery and sales. Their strength is measured in terms of the refinery capacity and the volume of sales. These firms are, therefore, critical in the oil supply chain. National Oil Companies             These are new in the industry according to Inkpen (2010, 7). They have taken over the oil market and grown in leaps and bounds. They are ranking in top ten in the oil sector. These companies have the support of the government. They are not affected by the local politics. In addition, they are getting priority when it comes to carrying out explorations, production and distribution of oil products in the country. They also enjoy an upper hand in negotiations. Upstream independents             This is another category of actors that are involved in the oil industry as part of the oil supply chain. They are referred to as upstream independents because they do not own any assets downstream (Inkpen, 2010, 8). They are concentrated at the production level and their work ends there. These actors have helped remove the monopoly of the oil industry giants. In addition, due to their activeness, they have led to increased oil production. They have explored more and more sources of oil. These are actors that are actively involved in exploration of oil in Africa. For example, Tullow Oil is one of the largest oil companies that is independent working in Africa. The US government is strongly encouraging these independent companies to continue with their work because they are helping increase the world oil capacity. With the increase in the oil volume, the prices of the oil products remain low and the consumer can access it affordably. It is important to state that t he independent oil companies are gaining ground so fast at the upstream level. It appears that in the near future, explorations and production of the oil may be their domain. The consumer will benefit with an increase in the oil production because not only will it be affordable, both frequent oil crisis will be a thing of the past. Oil crisis causes escalation of the prices of all other products even those which are basic for human survival. However, the independent oil companies may not compete favorably with the state-owned companies due to capital restrictions. Nevertheless, their impact is being felt. Their contribution in the oil industry cannot be underestimated. Problems facing the giant oil companies             There are two major problems facing the giant oil firms. First, they are finding it difficult to survive in the prevailing conditions. The emergence of companies that are owned by the state has been a great blow to them. These companies that are owned by the state are given exclusive rights by the state in terms of exploration and production of oil as well as getting support to carry out downstream activities which include refinery and distribution. They are financially stable. They are not affected adversely by the political objectives. The second problem is that the giant firms are losing grounds to the independent companies’ oil production. Since these firms had heavily invested in the oil production sector, they are presently running into losses. For any oil company to stand firm in the oil industry, it must have ability to locate new oil reserves. New oil reserves serve to replace the exhausted oil reserves that have been used in the previous production. The ability of the company, whether integrated or independent, to acquire new reserves is a measure of its commercial strength. For the integrated firms, this ability has diminished. The fact that there are restrictions imposed by the states on foreign firms accessing their oil reserves makesit even harder for the integrated oil firms to replace their reserves. If the problem persists, it can reach a point that the firms can run out of business. Political dimensions also limit the ability of the integrated firms in acquiring new reserves. It is within the mandateof the state to control the firm’s activities within its territory. Therefore, state control, coupled with the domestic political atmosphere reduces the ability of the foreign integrated oil firms to grow. The se problems are likely to persist into the future and these giant oil firms are likely to surrender. The role of politics in the oil sector             Accessing oil reserves in another country is not an easy task. The National Oil Corporations, the integrated firms as well as the independent firm need to negotiate with the state from which they want to access the oil resources. The negotiations are to do with the terms and conditions of the access. Politics is at the core in these negotiations. Economic power of the firm is assessed in order to gauge the negotiation atmosphere. The state that has the resource plays hard to grant access to the foreign firms. Politics surrounds the negotiations. As the states restrict equity participation by firms that are foreign, the integrated firms and the National Oil Corporations are left with no choice but surrender. Oil sector and wars             Oil is a very precious commodity. It is an expensive commodity by the same measure. The reason why this is so is its scarcity. It is limited to some areas and absent in others. Those that are privileged to have this resource enjoy its benefits. Those that lack it remain to covet. Judging by its value, oil runs the economy of the world. There has been a series of wars intimated to be due to oil resources. In Nigeria, there was a civil war that was threatening to tear the country apart. The reason for the war was emanating from the poor management of the oil resources by this country. Sudan has already split into two nations. Currently, there is South Sudan and Sudan. The split resulted from an unending war due to oil resource that is in the country. Surprisingly, even after the split, the two nations are in quarrels. In Nigeria, the civil war that broke out in 1967 disrupted oil production greatly. The struggle was aimed at forcing Nigeria to acquire equity stakes in the foreign companies, such as Shell, that operated in Nigeria. Nigeria has achieved this goal but has not gained absolute control of the operations (Frynas and Mellahi, 2003, 8-11). These are a few illustrations to demonstrate that oil has been the cause of both civil and even international wars. Future of the Oil Industry             There are advancements that are taking place in the oil sector. New discoveries of oil reserves are making the sector thrive. However, as many oil reserves become available, the prices of the oil products will be going down. This will benefit the consumers. The producers of the oil will suffer losses due to low prices. It is a bitter truth on the side of the nations that rely on oil but good news to the consumers. There are negotiations that are being carried out between states. These negotiations are among the members of OPEC. They are looking for a solution to the decreasing oil prices. One of the options they are thinking of using is decreasing the amount of oil being produced in their countries. However, this is unlikely to happen because not all countries can agree to limit the quantity of oil produced. In addition, mergers and acquisitions are taking shape in the oil industry (Inkpen, 2010, 15).increased advancements in the technology make exploration and pr oduction of oil easier and faster according to Inkpen (2010, 15). Finally, advent of new and alternative sources on energy may reduce the dependence that is put on the oil as a source of energy. The national oil companies are likely to expand more. As the reserves get exhausted, it is likely to be harder in the future to do exploration (Inkpen, 2010, 17). Conclusion             Oil supply chain is a very sophisticated network. Many actors are involved in the activities that regard oil supply chain. The supply chain has three levels which include the upstream, the midstream and the downstream. At each level, there are many actors in charge. For a long time, integrated firms had had absolute control on all the aspects of the oil sector. Lately, National Oil Corporations that are supported by the states have emerged. These are becoming stronger than the integrated firms in the control of the oil production, refinery and distribution to the consumers. Besides, states have come out strongly to control this valuable commodity. First, the states have emerged as landlords and, therefore, owners of the oil resources. Secondly, they have emerged as the champions in the business taking part in the production and distribution of the oil products through National Oil Corporations. Thirdly, they have come out as regulators of the oil firms. They make conditions to be followed by the firms that work within their boundaries. The future of the oil sector is encouraging as more oil fields are being discovered by independent firms. References Frynas,  J.  G., &Mellahi,  K. (2003). Political risks as firm-specific (dis)advantages: Evidence on transnational oil firms in Nigeria. Thunderbird International Business Review. Inken. (2010). The Global Oil and Gas Industry. Bridge-Le Billion.(2012). Oil Capture. Flatau,  J. (2007). Supply chain analysis of olive oil in Germany. Giessen: ZEU. Groznik,  A., &Trkman,  P. (January 01, 2006 A case study of supply chain management in oil industry.).Iti 2006.. New York. Hull,  B. (2002). A structure for supply-chain information flows and its application to the Alaskan crude oil supply chain. Logistics Information Management.doi:10.1108/09576050210412639 Laftah,  Z., Aziz,  T.  Z., &Bogle,  I.  D. (2007).Identifying added value in integrated oil supply chain companies – a case study.doi:10.1016/S1570-7946(07)80151-9 Kaufmann,  R.  K., Dees,  S., & Mann,  M. (2009). Horizontal and vertical transmissions in the US oil supply chain. Energy Policy. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.052 Source document